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<td width="72%" height="1" rowspan="4" valign="top"><div align="center" class="style14"><span class="style18">The Ancient Kingdom of Mari</span><br>
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<td width="20%" rowspan="2" align="left" valign="baseline"" class="style9" dir="RTL"right><div align="left">By Laila Asaad, Alaa Al- Bash<br>
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and Marwa Al-Halah
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<td height="655" colspan="3"><span class="style10">The first destruction, after this period of eminence, was around 24th century BC. This destruction brought a period of relative decline in importance in the region and the city was reduced to no more than a small village. Historians are divided when it comes to who was responsible for the destruction of the city and same archaeologists and historians name Logal Zagiezi (the king of Uma and some other states in southern Mesopotamia <span dir="RTL"> ).</span></span>
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But then Mari was came under the control of the Akkadians of Agada(Akkad) and the Sumerians of Ur. Both the Akkadians and the Sumerians of Ur would appoint kings or princes that would govern the state of Mari, these governing leaders were called the Shakkanakkou and the clay tablets mentioned some of them like Newar-mir <span dir="RTL"> .</span></span>
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The Amorites came a little later from Mesopotamia and founded many kingdoms; one of these kingdoms was Mari. Information about this period was found is relatively abundant because among the most important findings is the "royal archive" of the second millennium B.C. This archive covers the period between the end of nineteenth century and the first part of the eighteenth century B.C when Mari was ruled by Shamshi Addad and Zimri Lim the last king who ruled in Mari.The palace of Zimri-Lim, contained over 300 rooms and was possibly the largest of its time and was well known in neighbouring cities and kingdoms. Supposedly, "King Yahmad of Aleppo and the King of Ugarit both expressed their desire to visit the palace" and see its splendour by themselves. The state archives were also built during this time; from the archives, over 25,000 cuneiform tablets have been catalogued.
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From these tables, it is known that Hammurabi of Babylon turned on his old ally Zimri Lim and defeated him in battle with the subsequent destruction of the kingdom and looting of the palace <span dir="RTL"> .</span></span>
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After this destruction, there were scattered inhabitations by Assyrians and Babylonians, but the city remained a vill<br>
age until the arrival of the Greeks, and vanished from history thereafter <span dir="RTL"> .</span></span>
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<p align="left" dir="RTL"><span class="style14 dir="LTR">Economy</span> :<br>
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<span class="style10" dir="LTR">Due to its strategic position, the city of Mari controlled the trade routes between different regions such as the western part of Syria, Mesopotamia, western Iran, and parts of Anatolia.</span> <span class="style10"><br>
<span dir="LTR">Mr. Margoron says that: "Mari controlled the trading movement through Euphrates, and that brought its great prosperity; Mari was the communication link between Syria and Mesopotamia</span></span> <span class="style10">".<br>
<span dir="LTR">The merchandise that went though the city of Mari included dates, olives, pottery, grains, timber and stone transported by different types of ships suited to the cargo.</span></span> <br>
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<span class="style14">Religion</span>:<br>
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<span class="style10" dir="LTR">The inhabitants of Mari worshiped a vast array of gods and goddesses: Ishtar, the goddess of fertility had a temple dedicated to her as well as Dagan, the deity of storms. Shamash, the Sun god, was believed to be all-knowing and all-seeing, and in many seals he is seen standing between two large doors which, according to legend were dedicated to Gilgamesh and to heaven.</span> <span class="style10"><br>
<span dir="LTR">For more information</span></span> <span class="style10">:<br>
<span dir="LTR">A. Finet . le vin a Mari, 1977. Iraq</span></span> <span class="style10">.<br>
<span dir="LTR">A. Parrot, Mari capitale fabuleuse, 1974. Paris</span></span> <span class="style10"><br>
<span dir="LTR">A.A.A.S , 1982</span></span> <span class="style10">.<br>
<span dir="LTR">A.A.A.S , 1983</span></span> <span class="style10">.<br>
<span dir="LTR">A.A.A.S , 1996</span></span> <span class="style10">.</span></p>
<div align="left" class="style10">A.A.A.S , 1999 </div></td>
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